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Module CC-20 · Version 1.0

A Stepwise Approach to Acid-Base Results

Apply a six-step worksheet to acid-base results, assess compensation, and recognize when specimen, method, or mixed-process uncertainty prevents a simple label.

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Who this module is for

Medical laboratory scientists and laboratory professionals reviewing or supporting blood gas and electrolyte results.

Learning objectives

  • Determine acidemia or alkalemia and identify the primary respiratory or metabolic direction.
  • Evaluate expected compensation using a supplied method.
  • Use anion gap and delta concepts cautiously to recognize possible mixed processes.

How completion works

Mark every required section done and answer every knowledge check in those sections correctly. The final save completes the module automatically.

Sources

12 sources

  1. 1. Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute. Blood Gas and pH Analysis and Related Measurements; Approved Guideline, Second Edition. CLSI C46-A2. 2009, reaffirmed 2014.

    Source note · consensus standard

  2. 2. 42 CFR §493.1267, Standard: Routine chemistry, blood gas control requirements.

    Source note · federal regulation

  3. 3. 42 CFR §493.1256, Standard: Control procedures.

    Source note · federal regulation

  4. 4. College of American Pathologists. Point-of-Care Testing Checklist, December 26, 2024 edition.

    Source note · accreditation standard

  5. 5. Tucker AM, Johnson TN. Breathing and balance: Clinical insights and management strategies of respiratory acid-base disorders. Nutr Clin Pract. 2025;40(4):774-792.

    Source note · peer-reviewed literature

  6. 6. Narins RG, Emmett M. The delta gap: an approach to mixed acid-base disorders. Am J Med. 1980. PubMed 2240729.

    Source note · peer-reviewed literature

  7. 7. Diagnosis of mixed acid-base disorders in diabetic ketoacidosis. PubMed 8238083.

    Source note · peer-reviewed literature

  8. 8. Anion Gap and Non-Anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis. StatPearls [Internet]. NCBI Bookshelf NBK448090.

    Source note · peer-reviewed literature

  9. 9. Patel S, Sharma S. Respiratory Acidosis. StatPearls [Internet]. 2023. NCBI Bookshelf NBK482430.

    Source note · peer-reviewed literature

  10. 10. Serum anion gap revisited: a verified reference interval for contemporary use. PubMed 34028972.

    Source note · peer-reviewed literature

  11. 11. Abbott. i-STAT 1 System, EG7+ cartridge, Instructions for Use, document 765787-00 Rev. C.

    Source note · manufacturer labeling

  12. 12. ARUP Laboratories. Lactate, Plasma, Test Directory.

    Source note · laboratory reference