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Module CC-19 · Version 1.0

Blood Gas Fundamentals

Learn which arterial blood gas values an analyzer directly measures with dedicated electrodes, which values it calculates, how co-oximetry works as a separate measurement, and how specimen type and handling defects change results before they ever reach the electrode.

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Who this module is for

Clinical laboratory scientists and students learning point-of-care and central-lab blood gas testing

Learning objectives

  • Distinguish pH, PCO2, and PO2 measurement from calculated bicarbonate and other derived values
  • Explain arterial, venous, and capillary specimen purposes and noninterchangeability
  • Recognize air, delay, metabolism, heparin dilution, bubbles, poor mixing, and line contamination effects on results

How completion works

Mark every required section done and answer every knowledge check in those sections correctly. The final save completes the module automatically.

Sources

10 sources

  1. 1. CLSI. C46-A2: Blood Gas and pH Analysis and Related Measurements, 2nd ed. Wayne, PA: Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute; 2009 (reaffirmed 2014).

    Source note · consensus standard

  2. 2. CLSI. PRE04: Handling, Transport, Processing, and Storage of Blood Specimens for Routine Laboratory Examinations (formerly GP44). Wayne, PA: Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute; August 2023.

    Source note · consensus standard

  3. 3. Shapiro BA. Arterial Blood Gases. In: Walker HK, Hall WD, Hurst JW, eds. Clinical Methods: The History, Physical, and Laboratory Examinations. 3rd ed. Boston: Butterworths; 1990. NCBI Bookshelf.

    Source note · peer-reviewed literature

  4. 4. Davis MD, Walsh BK, Sittig SE, Restrepo RD. AARC Clinical Practice Guideline: Blood Gas Analysis and Hemoximetry: 2013. Respir Care. 2013;58(10):1694-1703.

    Source note · professional society guidance

  5. 5. Evans DL, Volsko TA, Capellari E, Strickland SL. AARC Clinical Practice Guidelines: Capillary Blood Gas Sampling for Neonatal and Pediatric Patients. Respir Care. 2022.

    Source note · professional society guidance

  6. 6. Radiometer Medical ApS. ABL800 FLEX Analyzer Operator's Manual / Reference Manual (measured and derived parameter list).

    Source note · manufacturer labeling

  7. 7. Blood Gas Temperature Correction. StatPearls. Treasure Island, FL: StatPearls Publishing; updated periodically. NCBI Bookshelf.

    Source note · peer-reviewed literature

  8. 8. Preanalytical considerations in blood gas analysis. PMC.

    Source note · peer-reviewed literature

  9. 9. Radiometer America. Removing an air bubble from a blood gas sample. Knowledge Center: Minimizing Preanalytical Errors in Blood Gas Testing.

    Source note · manufacturer labeling

  10. 10. Correctly Establishing and Interpreting Oxygenation Status in Sickle Cell Disease. J Appl Lab Med. 2023;8(3):583-. Oxford Academic.

    Source note · peer-reviewed literature