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Module HEME-24 · Version 1.0

Recognizing Acute Leukemia Patterns

Recognize CBC, analyzer, and peripheral-smear patterns concerning for acute leukemia; protect material for ancillary studies; and communicate urgently without assigning a final subtype from morphology alone.

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Who this module is for

Medical laboratory scientists and hematology learners who review CBC flags, peripheral smears, and urgent hematology results.

Learning objectives

  • Identify blast-like cells and associated cytopenia or leukocytosis patterns.
  • Recognize urgent features such as Auer rods or a promyelocyte-rich presentation.
  • Explain the complementary roles of flow cytometry, cytogenetics, FISH, molecular testing, and morphology.

How completion works

Mark every required section done and answer every knowledge check in those sections correctly. The final save completes the module automatically.

Sources

13 sources

  1. 1. Khoury JD, Solary E, Abla O, et al. The 5th edition of the World Health Organization Classification of Haematolymphoid Tumours: Myeloid and Histiocytic/Dendritic Neoplasms. Leukemia. 2022;36:1703-1719. Accessed 2026-08-16.

    Source note · peer-reviewed literature

  2. 2. Arber DA, Orazi A, Hasserjian RP, et al. International Consensus Classification of Myeloid Neoplasms and Acute Leukemias: integrating morphologic, clinical, and genomic data. Blood. 2022;140:1200-1228. Accessed 2026-08-16.

    Source note · peer-reviewed literature

  3. 3. Arber DA, Borowitz MJ, Cessna M, et al. Initial Diagnostic Workup of Acute Leukemia: Guideline From the College of American Pathologists and the American Society of Hematology. Arch Pathol Lab Med. 2017;141:1342-1393. Accessed 2026-08-16.

    Source note · professional society guidance

  4. 4. Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute. H43-A2: Clinical Flow Cytometric Analysis of Neoplastic Hematolymphoid Cells; Approved Guideline, 2nd ed. 2007, reaffirmed 2017. Accessed 2026-08-16.

    Source note · consensus standard

  5. 5. Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute. H62: Validation of Assays Performed by Flow Cytometry, 1st ed. 2021. Accessed 2026-08-16.

    Source note · consensus standard

  6. 6. Electronic Code of Federal Regulations. 42 CFR §493.1291, Standard: Test report. Current text. Accessed 2026-08-16.

    Source note · federal regulation

  7. 7. College of American Pathologists. All Common Checklist, COM.30000 Critical Result Notification (Phase II). CAP Accreditation Program, 12.09.2025 edition.

    Source note · accreditation standard

  8. 8. Jahan S, et al. Laboratory Evaluation of Acute Leukemia. In: StatPearls. StatPearls Publishing, updated 2024. Accessed 2026-08-16.

    Source note · peer-reviewed literature

  9. 9. Li W. Flow Cytometry in the Diagnosis of Leukemias. In: Leukemia. Exon Publications; 2022. Accessed 2026-08-16.

    Source note · peer-reviewed literature

  10. 10. Foucar K. Morphologic Classification and Clinical and Laboratory Correlates. In: Holland-Frei Cancer Medicine, 6th ed. BC Decker; 2003. Accessed 2026-08-16.

    Source note · peer-reviewed literature

  11. 11. Sanz MA, Fenaux P, Tallman MS, et al. Management of acute promyelocytic leukemia: updated recommendations from an expert panel of the European LeukemiaNet. Blood. 2019;133:1630-1643. Accessed 2026-08-16.

    Source note · professional society guidance

  12. 12. Cairo MS, Coiffier B, Reiter A, Younes A. Recommendations for the evaluation of risk and prophylaxis of tumour lysis syndrome: an expert panel consensus. Haematologica. 2010;95:146-154. Accessed 2026-08-16.

    Source note · professional society guidance

  13. 13. Mayo Clinic Laboratories. CBC: Complete Blood Cell Count with Differential, Blood, test catalog 9109. Accessed 2026-08-16.

    Source note · laboratory reference