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Module CC-22 · Version 1.0

Protein Electrophoresis and Pattern Recognition

Recognize serum and urine protein electrophoresis patterns, identify look-alikes, and select bounded laboratory follow-up.

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Who this module is for

Medical laboratory scientists and laboratory professionals with protein physiology and basic separation-method prerequisites.

Learning objectives

  • Explain separation by charge and size and the origin of major fractions.
  • Recognize broad polyclonal, restricted, hypogammaglobulinemic, acute-phase, and nephrotic-type patterns.
  • Distinguish screening pattern recognition from immunotyping, quantitation, and clinical classification.

How completion works

Mark every required section done and answer every knowledge check in those sections correctly. The final save completes the module automatically.

Sources

13 sources

  1. 1. 42 CFR § 493.1256, Standard: Control procedures, electrophoresis subsection (d)(5), current.

    Source note · federal regulation

  2. 2. 42 CFR § 493.1291, Standard: Test report, current.

    Source note · federal regulation

  3. 3. Kyle RA, Child JA, Anderson K, et al. International Myeloma Working Group. Criteria for the classification of monoclonal gammopathies, multiple myeloma and related disorders: a report of the International Myeloma Working Group. Br J Haematol. 2003;121(5):749-757.

    Source note · consensus standard

  4. 4. CLSI EP28-A3c Reference Interval Verification and CLSI C24 Statistical Quality Control, current editions.

    Source note · consensus standard

  5. 5. Sebia, CAPILLARYS PROTEIN(E) 6 instructions for use, adult reference intervals from 246 healthy donors.

    Source note · manufacturer labeling

  6. 6. International Myeloma Foundation, International Myeloma Working Group criteria for diagnosis of multiple myeloma.

    Source note · professional society guidance

  7. 7. International Myeloma Foundation, IMWG Guidelines for Serum Free Light Chain Analysis, summarizing Dispenzieri et al., Blood 2011.

    Source note · consensus standard

  8. 8. Kumar S, Paiva B, Anderson KC, et al. IMWG consensus criteria for response and minimal residual disease assessment in multiple myeloma. Lancet Oncology. 2016;17:e328-e346.

    Source note · consensus standard

  9. 9. Utility of Immunofixation as a Follow-up to Select Abnormal Serum Protein Electrophoresis Patterns and Suggestions for Clinical Correlation. Clinical Laboratory Science. 2022;35(2):35.

    Source note · peer-reviewed literature

  10. 10. Recognition and management of common, rare, and novel serum protein electrophoresis and immunofixation interferences. Clinica Chimica Acta.

    Source note · peer-reviewed literature

  11. 11. O’Connell TX, Horita TJ, Kasravi B. Understanding and Interpreting Serum Protein Electrophoresis. American Family Physician. 2005;71:105-112.

    Source note · peer-reviewed literature

  12. 12. A Comparison of gel and capillary electrophoresis for characterization of human serum proteins. PMC8145771.

    Source note · peer-reviewed literature

  13. 13. Mayo Clinic Laboratories, Protein, Total, 24 Hour, Urine, Renal Diagnostics test catalog.

    Source note · laboratory reference